Abstract:

The authors have made an attempt to formulate more integrative presentation about the nature and the componential composition of physical culture which is based on the conceptions synthesizing one-sided presentation about physical culture in the united system model. These conceptions are ordinate with the common process of the cultural development. They organize the connection of culture with spiritual production, with the transformation of the natural, social sphere and the nature of person himself. The common problem of the function of physical culture consist of not harmony its state to the objective demands of the development of the country in the conditions of economic relations. The last years the question about a bodily person is put enough sharp. Conceptions are chosen: “a natural body” is a biological body of the individual; “a cultural body” is the product of the cultural co-ordinated formation and the usage of the bodily beginning in a person, “a social body” is the result of the interaction of the natural given to the human organism with the social environment. It also emphasizes that physical culture is a social-pedagogical phenomenon. Then it is a creative activity in the mastering and making values in the sphere of the physical improvement of a person. On the determination of a component composition of physical culture the authors proceed from the theory of need (requirement) and the theory of activity. Each from the components of physical culture possesses its specific means and methods, fully satisfying concrete requirents which all other components can’t satisfy or can satisfy partly. Physical exercises are the common base of all components. The last years the accent on the priority of spirituality in the process of the development of bodily – moving qualities of a person, on the expedience of the refusal from the existing system of physical culture is made now.

Keywords: physical culture, nature and component composition ‘a bodily person’, ‘a natural body’, ‘a cultural body’, ‘a social body’, a social-pedagogical phenomenon.